GLP-1 receptor agonist · FDA-approved

Semaglutide

ApprovedFDA-approved prescription medicine

A once-weekly, FDA-approved GLP-1 medication that helped adults lose roughly 15% of body weight on average in trials.

✦ 2 min read · 2 sources

What it is

Semaglutide mimics GLP-1, a natural gut hormone released after eating. It is FDA-approved under brand names: Wegovy for chronic weight management (and to lower cardiovascular risk in certain adults), and Ozempic for type 2 diabetes — the same drug. Most often a once-weekly injection, with an oral form now available.

How it works

GLP-1 helps regulate appetite and blood sugar. Semaglutide activates the same receptors, slows stomach emptying, and signals fullness to the brain — people tend to feel satisfied sooner, stay full longer, and notice less 'food noise,' so they naturally eat less.

What the evidence shows

In the pivotal STEP 1 trial (adults with obesity, no diabetes), semaglutide 2.4 mg produced about 15% average body-weight loss over 68 weeks, versus ~2–3% on placebo. A higher-dose version pushed averages above 20% in trials. Weight tends to return if the medication is stopped.

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FDA-approved prescription medicine

Status & safety

Prescription medicine. Common side effects are gastrointestinal (nausea ~44%, diarrhea, vomiting, constipation), usually easing as the dose is raised. Less-common serious risks (pancreatitis, gallbladder issues, a rodent-based boxed warning on thyroid C-cell tumors) are why it needs medical supervision.

Summaries of published, third-party research for educational purposes. Not medical advice; not a claim of efficacy or safety for any use.

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